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Turnaround time is defined as the usual number of days from the date of pickup of a specimen for testing to when the result is released to the ordering provider. In some cases, additional time should be allowed for additional confirmatory or additional reflex tests. Testing schedules may vary.
The ABO system is the most significant blood-group system in transfusion medicine. ABO grouping is a test performed to determine an individual’s blood type. The markers (specific carbohydrates or proteins) or antigens on the surface of red blood cells are used to identify blood types. The A and B antigens are two major antigens or surface identifiers on human RBCs. Rh is another important surface antigen. A person’s blood type is Rh+ (positive) if the Rh protein is present on red blood cells; if not, the blood type is Rh- (negative). Blood typing determines a person’s ABO blood group and Rh type by detecting the presence or absence of these antigens.
The doctor advises a Blood typing test before a blood transfusion or want to donate or receive blood. A patient may also need an ABO group test to see if they have the Rh factor on the surface of red blood cells.
Blood types:
Generally, blood is composed of the same essential components; still, various types can be found. To be precise, there are eight different blood types, and each person’s blood type depends on what type an individual has inherited from their parents. An average healthy individual has around 4-6 liters of blood in his body. The blood is composed of cells that hover in a fluid called plasma. These cells are:
RBCs (Red Blood cells): These cells transport oxygen to the various tissues in the body and eliminate carbon dioxide.
WBCs (White Blood Cells): These cells kill harmful substances or invaders and fight infection.
Platelets help in blood clotting.
Everyone’s blood is unique because blood has a different combination of proteins known as antigens and antibodies.
As discussed earlier, antigens are present on the surface of red blood cells, whereas antibodies can be found in plasma. Blood type depends on this combination of antigens and antibodies.
According to the ABO blood typing system, blood is divided into four classes:
The body will start producing antibodies as a defense mechanism. However, people can still harmlessly receive blood that isn’t their blood type in some rare cases. If the blood they receive doesn’t have any antigens that recognize it as unrelated, their bodies won’t attack it.
Another way to describe blood compatibility is as follows:
O: This blood type can donate to any blood type because the blood has no antigens, but this blood type can only receive from type O.
A: This blood type can donate to type A and type AB, but this blood type can only receive from type A and type O.
B: This blood type can donate to type B and type AB, but this blood type can only receive from type B and type O.
AB: This blood type can only donate to type AB, but this blood type can receive from any type.
This is considered universal.
The Rh factor further organizes blood types:
Rh-positive: This blood type contains Rh antigens present on the surface of its red blood cells. This type can receive from Rh-positive or Rh negative.
Rh-negative: This blood type does not contain Rh antigens. This type can only receive from Rh-negative.
The ABO and Rh grouping systems together confirm a blood type. Type O-negative has long been deemed a universal donor; however, recent research suggests that different antibodies sometimes cause severe reactions during a transfusion.
References:
Statement on Medical Necessity
All ordered tests should be medically necessary for the diagnosis or detection of disease, illness, impairment, symptom, syndrome, or disorder and the results should be used in the medical management and treatment decisions for the patient. Solaris requires ICD-10 codes with each order for lab testing and both the tests ordered and the diagnosis should be documented in the provider’s medical record for the patient. The United States Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General, takes the position that a provider who orders medically unnecessary tests may be subject to civil penalties.
Panels and Profiles
Solaris offers Providers the convenience of ordering test combinations in a group at times with the flexibility to choose appropriate test(s) for individual patients. Providers should only order those tests that he or she believes are medically necessary for each patient, and a lesser inclusive profile or individual tests should be ordered if not all tests in the test combination/profile are medically necessary. All tests offered in a test combination/profile may be ordered separately as individual tests. Solaris encourages clients to contact their Solaris representative if the testing configurations shown do not meet individual needs for any reason, or if some other combination of procedures is needed.
CPT Codes
CPT Codes listed are in accordance with Current Procedural Terminology, a publication of the American Medical Association. CPT codes are the responsibility of the billing party and are listed here for informational purposes. Correct coding may vary from one carrier to another. Solaris may bill specific carriers using codes other than what is shown.
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customerservice@solarisdx.com or contact us by phone at (844) 550-0308.
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